处理样式资源
本章节我们学习使用 Webpack 如何处理 Css、Less、Sass、Scss、Styl 样式资源
介绍
Webpack 本身是不能识别样式资源的，所以我们需要借助 Loader 来帮助 Webpack 解析样式资源
我们找 Loader 都应该去官方文档中找到对应的 Loader，然后使用
官方文档找不到的话，可以从社区 Github 中搜索查询
处理 Css 资源
1. 下载包
npm i css-loader style-loader -D
注意：需要下载两个 loader
2. 功能介绍
css-loader：负责将 Css 文件编译成 Webpack 能识别的模块style-loader：会动态创建一个 Style 标签，里面放置 Webpack 中 Css 模块内容
此时样式就会以 Style 标签的形式在页面上生效
3. 配置
const path = require("path");
module.exports = {
entry: "./src/main.js",
output: {
path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
filename: "main.js",
},
module: {
rules: [
{
// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
test: /\.css$/,
// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
use: [
// 执行顺序，从右到左
"style-loader", // 将js中css通过创建style标签添加到html文件中
"css-loader", // 将css资源编译成commonjs的模块到js中
],
},
],
},
plugins: [],
mode: "development",
};
4. 添加 Css 资源
- src/css/index.css
.box1 {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: pink;
}
- src/main.js
import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入 Css 资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
- public/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>webpack5</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
<!-- 准备一个使用样式的 DOM 容器 -->
<div class="box1"></div>
<!-- 引入打包后的js文件，才能看到效果 -->
<script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
5. 运行指令
npx webpack
打开 index.html 页面查看效果
处理 Less 资源
1. 下载包
npm i less-loader -D
2. 功能介绍
less-loader：负责将 Less 文件编译成 Css 文件
3. 配置
const path = require("path");
module.exports = {
entry: "./src/main.js",
output: {
path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
filename: "main.js",
},
module: {
rules: [
{
// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
test: /\.css/,
// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
},
{
test: /\.less/,
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],
},
],
},
plugins: [],
mode: "development",
};
4. 添加 Less 资源
- src/less/index.less
.box2 {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: deeppink;
}
- src/main.js
import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
import "./less/index.less";
console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
- public/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>webpack5</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
<div class="box1"></div>
<div class="box2"></div>
<script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
5. 运行指令
npx webpack
打开 index.html 页面查看效果
处理 Sass 和 Scss 资源
1. 下载包
npm i sass-loader sass -D
注意：需要下载两个
2. 功能介绍
sass-loader：负责将 Sass 文件编译成 css 文件sass：sass-loader依赖sass进行编译
3. 配置
const path = require("path");
module.exports = {
entry: "./src/main.js",
output: {
path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
filename: "main.js",
},
module: {
rules: [
{
// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
test: /\.css/,
// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
},
{
test: /\.less/,
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],
},
{
test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,
use: [
// 将 JS 字符串生成为 style 节点
"style-loader",
// 将 CSS 转化成 CommonJS 模块
"css-loader",
// 将 Sass 编译成 CSS
"sass-loader",
],
},
],
},
plugins: [],
mode: "development",
};
4. 添加 Sass 资源
- src/sass/index.sass
/* 可以省略大括号和分号 */
.box3
width: 100px
height: 100px
background-color: hotpink
- src/sass/index.scss
.box4 {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background-color: lightpink;
}
- src/main.js
import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
import "./less/index.less";
import "./sass/index.sass";
import "./sass/index.scss";
console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
- public/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>webpack5</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
<div class="box1"></div>
<div class="box2"></div>
<div class="box3"></div>
<div class="box4"></div>
<script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
5. 运行指令
npx webpack
打开 index.html 页面查看效果
处理 Styl 资源
1. 下载包
npm i stylus-loader -D
2. 功能介绍
stylus-loader：负责将 Styl 文件编译成 Css 文件
3. 配置
const path = require("path");
module.exports = {
entry: "./src/main.js",
output: {
path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
filename: "main.js",
},
module: {
rules: [
{
// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
test: /\.css/,
// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
},
{
test: /\.less/,
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],
},
{
test: /\.s[ac]ss/,
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "sass-loader"],
},
{
test: /\.styl/,
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "stylus-loader"],
},
],
},
plugins: [],
mode: "development",
};
4. 添加 Styl 资源
- src/styl/index.styl
/* 可以省略大括号、分号、冒号 */
.box
width 100px
height 100px
background-color pink
- src/main.js
import { add } from "./math";
import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
import "./less/index.less";
import "./sass/index.sass";
import "./sass/index.scss";
import "./styl/index.styl";
console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
- public/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>webpack5</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
<!-- 准备一个使用样式的 DOM 容器 -->
<div class="box1"></div>
<div class="box2"></div>
<div class="box3"></div>
<div class="box4"></div>
<div class="box5"></div>
<script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
5. 运行指令
npx webpack
打开 index.html 页面查看效果
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